Steel Fundamentals

Table of Contents

1. Steel Basics
   1. Types of Steel
   2. Forms of Steel
   3. Mechanical Properties of Steel
      1. Strength
         1. Yield Strength
         2. Ultimate Tensile Strength
      2. Elongation
      3. Hardness
      4. Toughness
      5. Hardenability
      6. Machinability
      7. Weldability
      8. Corrosion Resistance
      9. Creep Resistance
      10. Fatigue Resistance
2. Chemical Composition
   1. Alloying Elements in Steel
   2. Microstructure
      1. Crystal Structures
         1. Types of Crystal Structures
            1. Body-Centered Cubic Lattice
            2. Face-Centered Cubic Lattice
            3. Body-Centered Tetragonal Lattice
      2. Grains and Polycrystals
         1. Grain Size
         2. Crystal Imperfections
            1. Point Defects
            2. Linear Defects
            3. Planar Defects
            4. Bulk Defects
   3. Strengthening Mechanisms
      1. Solid Solution Strengthening
      2. Strain Hardening
      3. Grain Refinement
      4. Precipitation Hardening
   4. Ductile and Brittle Steel
   5. Phases in Steel
      1. Iron/Carbon Phase Diagram
      2. Cooling Rate
3. Steel Grades
   1. Grading Systems
   2. Steel Classification
      1.  Carbon Steels
         1. European Standards
         2. American Standards
         3. Chemistry and Properties
            1. Ultra-Low Carbon Steels
            2. Low Carbon Steels
            3. Medium Carbon Steels
            4. High Carbon Steels
      2. Free-Machining Steels
         1. European Standards
         2. American Standards
         3. Chemistry and Properties
      3.  Low-Alloy Steels
         1. European Standards
         2. American Standards
         3. Chemistry and Properties
      4. Tool Steels
         1. European Standards
         2. American Standards
         3. Chemistry and Properties
      5.  Stainless Steels
         1. European Standards
         2. American Standards
         3. Chemistry and Properties
      6.  Electrical Steels
         1. European Standards
         2. American Standards
         3. Chemistry and Properties